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Cited, not chosen.

The go-to advice for winning AI search is to publish your own comparison page. We tracked 970 first citations across 180 brands to test whether it actually works, because getting cited by AI is not the same as getting chosen.

Published
2 July 2026
Updated
16 October 2026
Window
First cited May to August 2026, tracked to 11 October 2026
Reading
4 minutes
Isometric blueprint of a cited document page connected across to a separate winner badge, showing that being cited is not the same as being chosen

Study 011 · Snapshot

recommendation rate in the citation week
+3.6pp
in answers built on web search
+6.0pp
first citations of a brand’s own page
970
brands in the panel
180
Figure 1Cited, Not Chosen. The numbers on the card come from the published study data; read each figure’s limits before citing it.Jump to the findings

In short

Four findings, strongest first
  1. +3.6pp

    rise in recommendation rate in the week a brand’s own page is first cited. It holds at about +2.9 over the next eight weeks. Real, but modest.

    Chapter 02
  2. +6.0pp

    in answers built on web search. Answers from memory did not move (0.0).

    Chapter 03
  3. 4.6%

    median share of a brand’s AI citations that point at its own pages, in the first run (June 2026). The rest is everyone else.

    Chapter 01
  4. 28.9%

    median share of cited pages that name at least one competitor, in the first run. Your sources can sell someone else.

    Chapter 04

AI can quote your page and still recommend your rival.

A citation means the AI read your page. A recommendation means it picked you. We separated the two across 1.05M AI answers, then asked the harder question: when you publish your own comparison page, does your chance of being recommended actually go up?

Short answer: yes, but more modestly than the hype suggests, and only where you would expect. A newly cited page lifts recommendations by about 3.6 points in the week it is first cited, and the lift holds near 3 points after. Challengers gain a little more, and the effect lives in answers built on web search. Below: the gap, the proof, and the catch most brands miss.

Cited a lot, chosen rarely.

Start with the problem a comparison page is meant to fix. Plenty of brands get quoted as a source and still miss the shortlist, challengers most of all. In the panel, each brand’s overall visibility sits next to the share of its cited prompts where it was a source but never made the top three picks.

Do comparison pages work?

So you publish the page. Does it actually move anything? We found 970 moments between May and August 2026 where a brand's own page was first cited, then compared each with the same brand's prompts that were never cited, in a staggered difference-in-differences design. The answer is yes, but modestly: the rate steps up in the citation week and holds.

Citation week
+3.6pp
change in recommendation rate in the week a page is first cited
95% CI +2.3 to +4.8pp
Next eight weeks
+2.9pp
average change over the eight weeks after
95% CI +1.5 to +4.3pp
Challengers
+4.2pp
lift for challenger brands with room to climb
95% CI +1.8 to +6.8pp
-10+1+2+3+4Recommendation lift (pp)-8-6-4-20+2+4+6+8Weeks relative to first citationPage first cited

Each point is the average treatment effect (ATT): how much a brand's weekly recommendation rate moved, compared with the same brands' prompts that were never cited, relative to the week its page was first cited (week 0). The flat pre-period is the parallel-trends check; the step at week 0 is the page doing the work. Shaded area marks the weeks after the page appears.

How we know it’s real.

A jump right after citation could just be coincidence, so the data carries its own control. Some answers are built on a live web search; others come from memory and cannot see a brand-new page. If the page is really doing the work, only the answers that can read it should move. That is exactly what happens.

Answers built on web search

+6.01pp
All answers
+6.0

Answers from memory

0.00pp
All answers
0.0
Bars are the change in recommendation rate after a page is first cited, in percentage points. Whiskers are 95% confidence intervals.

Your page sells your rivals.

Here is where brands hand the gains back. The same comparison page that helps you also names your competitors, and AI reads those names as a vetted list of who else to recommend.

In the first run (June 2026), a median 28.9% of a brand’s cited pages gave the AI at least one rival to suggest, and 38.0% of its citation appearances did.

What to do.

Four moves the data supports. None is a guarantee; each is grounded in the panel above.

  1. Yes, build the comparison page

    It works, just modestly, and most for challengers with room to climb. Expect to be cited a while before you are chosen. (+4.2pp challenger lift.)

  2. Put it where AI can read it

    The lift comes from answers built on a live web search. Answers from memory did not move. If your page is not easy to retrieve, it does nothing. (+6.0pp answers built on web search.)

  3. Stop naming your rivals

    Every competitor you list becomes the evidence AI uses to recommend them. Make the case for you, not a directory of everyone. (77% worst offender.)

  4. Track chosen, not just cited

    A citation is a foot in the door, not a win. Measure whether you are the pick, not just whether you were quoted. (~30% cited pages name a rival.)

How we ran it.

Everything you need to check our work, repeat it or cite it: who ran the study, when, on what data, and where it falls short.

Trakkr Research · Study 011

Cited, not chosen

Mack GrenfellFounder, Trakkr. Author and analyst.
AI answers
1.05Min a weekly panel, 2 Mar to 11 Oct 2026
Brands
180each with a first citation, from 661 sampled
First citations
970of a brand’s own page, May to Aug 2026
Window
8 weekseither side of each first citation

Method

We built a weekly panel of recommendation rates from 1,050,171 AI answers across 180 brands, then dated each brand’s owned pages to the week they were first cited. This rerun (October 2026) counts 970 first citations from May to August 2026, so every one has eight weeks of follow-up to 11 October 2026.

Using a staggered difference-in-differences design, with controls drawn from the same brands’ prompts that were never cited and 8-week windows on either side, we estimated the change in recommendation rate, with brand-clustered bootstrap confidence intervals and a Callaway-Sant’Anna event study as a cross-check. The weeks before first citation are flat (joint pre-trend test p = 0.58).

Limitations

  • Quasi-experimental, not a randomized trial.
  • Publish-date anchoring could not be completed (archival publish dates were unavailable), so we date the effect to first citation, not first publication.
  • Controls are the same brands' prompts whose own pages were never cited as of 16 Oct 2026.
  • The medians for owned citations and pages naming a competitor come from the first run (June 2026) and were not rerun.

Data

011-citation-leakage-stats.jsonAggregates only. No page or customer data.

Cite this study

Grenfell, M. (2026, July 2). Cited, not chosen (Trakkr Research Study 011). Trakkr. https://trakkr.ai/trakkr-research/cited-not-chosen

Questions,
answered.

The ones we hear most about this study.

Mostly yes, but modestly. In the week a brand's own page is first cited, its recommendation rate rises by about 3.6 percentage points, and it stays about 3 points higher over the next eight weeks, compared with the same brands' prompts that were never cited. Challenger brands gain about 4.2 points. The lift sits in answers built on web search. Build the page, but expect to be cited before you are chosen.

Ask anything about this studyAsk anything about this study

The Agent answers from our docs, methods and pricing, and links to the source.

best CRM for a small team

lope.example
CitedYour comparison page, in 3 of 4 models
RecommendedPicked first in 2 of 4 models
Rivals namedYour page lists 4 competitorsFix drafted
From memorySome answers never read the page

Cited is a foot in the door. Chosen is the win.

Track whether you’re chosen, not just cited.

Trakkr separates the answers that cite your pages from the ones that recommend you, model by model, so you can see which pages win the pick.